Model experiment 1. Study of the genetic structure of the ideal population (second option)
- In column 2 for the parent generation P, we introduce the number of pairs of two-body gene alleles (in other words, the number of individuals).
- We determine the ratio of the dominant (A) and recessive (a) alleles and select the required number of chips.
- We put the selected number of chips in an opaque package, mix.
- We get 2 chips and put it into one of three packs: in the first one - a pair of one color, red (AA), in the other - a pair of different colors, red and white (Aa), in the third - a pair of the second color, white (aa).
- We count the number of pairs of chips in each pile.
- The results are entered in the row P: in column 3 - the number of AA, in column 5 - Aa, in column 7 - aa.
- Click the "Calculate" button.
- We collect the chips for the package, mix, repeat steps 6 and 7 successively two more times, filling the lines for the first (F1) and the second (F2) daughter generations, columns 3, 5, 7.
- We click the "Calculate" button opposite the lines F1 and F2, the line "Total" and "Average."
- Click on the "Show Graphs" button.
- Based on the analysis of the obtained graphs and diagrams, formulate the conclusions of the plan:
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- Change in the frequency of genotypes in generations;
- Change in the ratio of gene frequencies in generations;
- The direction of evolutionary changes in the population.
Table 2. Genetic structure of the ideal population
Note: Gene frequencies are calculated automatically by the formulas: p = (D + 0.5H) / N and q = (R + 0.5H) / N, where p is the frequency of the dominant allele, q is the frequency of the recession allele, D is the number of dominant homozygote, R is the number of recessive homozygotes, H is the number of heterozygotes, N is the total number of members of the population.