Model experiment 4. Modeling the effect of random processes on the genetic structure of the population, modeling the drift of genes *
- Put the chips in the package and mix them.
- Without looking into the package, get 2 chips and put them in one of three pockets: the first - a pair of red chips, the second - pairs of red and white, the third - a pair of white chips. Do this until you remove all the pieces from the package. This is how the genetic structure of the parent population is modeled.
- Calculate the number of paired chips in each pile. Enter the results in the row for the parent population P1 of table 5.
- Collect all the chips in one package, mix. Without looking into the package, get 5 pairs of chips from it in turn and put each of the pairs in one of the three packs. Put all other pieces separately. Thus, the process of survival of 1/10 part of the population is modeled.
- Calculate the number of paired chips in each pile. Enter the results in the row for the parent population of P2 of table 5.
- Bearing in mind that each individual gives 4 gametes, put in the package the appropriate number of chips (20 chips).
- Repeat steps 2 and 3 once more. Enter the results in a row for F1 of table 5. This simulates the genetic structure of the first generation population after a natural disaster.
- Calculate the frequency of genotypes and genes in each population, fill in the table 5.
- Formulate the conclusion according to the plan:
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- the ratio of frequencies of genotypes in the population;
- ratio of gene frequencies in a population;
- the direction of evolutionary change.
Table 5. Genetic structure of the population at random factors on the genetic structure of the population
Note: Gene frequencies are calculated automatically by the method of extracting square roots from the frequencies of homozygotes.